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2011年高考英语北京卷的作文题考查了漫画类书面表达。一般来说,这类文章在写作时应包含三个部分:
①描述图片反映的现象;
②联系实际,分析造成这种现象的原因和该现象造成的后果;
③发表自己的看法。
对于平时较少接触这类作文的同学来说,准确描述图片会是一个难点。因为漫画往往画面简单、寓意深刻,只有读懂画面的基本信息,解读出其隐含的深层含义,才能准确地描述画面并结合实际发表看法。但只要抓住下面两个要点,你就会发现,画面描述并不难。

解读画面:充分审视图和文
要正确解读画面的含义必须充分审题。先来看下面这道作文题:
请仔细观看右边的漫画,结合自己的实际生活,写一篇关于“节能环保”的英语短文。要求:
(1) 简要描述图中的现象;
(2) 分析产生这种现象的原因(如:没有良好的习惯等);
(3) 提出你的建议。
提示:图中在睡觉的是小明,妇女是小明的妈妈。
图中显示的是小明睡着了,电视还开着,小明的妈妈责备他说:“说你多少遍了,总是忘关电视!”漫画批评了小明有违“节能环保”理念的行为,倡导养成良好习惯,注意节约能源、低碳排放。
一些同学在文章中就“小明由于学业负担太重而睡着了”展开议论,这显然是只看漫画不看题目就匆匆下笔造成的。
还有的同学在文中写道:“父母应该以身作则,养成良好习惯”,这可能是只看到题目中的提示“没有良好的习惯”,就认为图片反映的主题是家长教育失败,没让孩子养成良好的习惯。
所以,充分审题的“题”不仅指漫画,还包括文字说明,因为题目中的文字说明往往透露了与漫画主题有关的信息。如果漫画有标题,则还应关注这个标题,因为标题就是漫画的眼睛。在解读时要注意综观全局,切莫看到一点就草草而作,遗漏主要信息。

描述画面:透过现象抓寓意
正确解读漫画含义后,还要做到准确描述。请看下面这道作文题:
我们常常听到有人抱怨自己不够成功是因为运气不好,得不到好的机会。其实,机会随时存在于我们身边,但并不是所有人都能抓住。
请根据以上提示和右边的漫画,用英语写一篇120词左右的短文,就“抓住机会,取得成功”这个话题,发表你的观点。
结合漫画和文字说明可知,漫画想表达的是:机会如同那只天鹅,人们往往在犹豫中错过了它。有一位同学这样描述画面内容:
Long long ago, there were two people who were good at archery. One day, a big bird flew across the sky. The two archers were very excited. “It must be a big meal!” They both thought. But here came the problem. One of the archers said, “I like stewing, for it’s delicious!” But the other one said, “ I prefer toasting.” They argued about how to cook the dish, and wasted a lot of time.
这位同学对画面描述得很详细,故事性很强,但偏偏因此失分,为什么?因为这段描述没有点明漫画的寓意。其实,在词数有限的情况下,我们只需用简明的语言表达清楚漫画中的人物在什么情况下做了什么,然后明确指出漫画表现或讽刺的现象,就可自然过渡到结合实际发表个人看法了。
以下画面描述就做到了言简意赅,同时鲜明地体现了漫画的主旨。
As is shown in the picture, the two men are arguing about the best way to cook the swan which is flying over their heads. Without doubt, they are bound to miss it. Ridiculous as it is, the picture is the exact reflection of our life. It’s not uncommon that some people, faced with an opportunity, may take it for granted rather than take it seriously or cherish it.

【练一练】
随着生活现代化水平的不断提高,很多年轻人逐渐失去了动手能力。仔细观察右图,结合自己的生活实际,写一篇120~150词的英语短文,描述画面内容,分析原因,并发表自己的看法。
参考词汇:动手能力hands?鄄on ability, 粽子zongzi

【One Possible Version】
As is shown in the picture, sitting before a plate of zongzi, the boy is at a complete loss how to unwrap them and eventually turns to a book for instructions! The picture is trying to convey to us a fact that many of the young are losing their basic hands-on ability in everyday life.
Many factors contribute to this phenomenon. Firstly, many children have been forced to focus on their school work only, having little or no time to experience things in real life. Secondly, parents are over-protective. They take over almost all their children’s life. Thirdly, the Internet and certain books provide actually everything we need. It is not surprising for children to develop dependence on them for help.
From where I stand, giving children chances to do things for themselves is the only remedy. Anyway, nobody can learn to swim without jumping into water.

那些让你念念不忘的歌词
正是多了一种残缺不全的魅力, 才没有那么多含恨不如意。
――黄 阅 《折子戏》
人们总说,残缺也是一种美。正如动画片《基诺之旅》中的那句台词:世界并不美丽,但也因此美丽无比。
图:杨冰冰 文:Rabbit


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