首页 / 作文 / 英语作文 /

【www.zgpaoc.com--英语作文】

条理清晰、层次分明是一篇好文章的必备因素,即使是写作短短120词左右的英语卷书面表达,也要做到这一点。
学会分段: 做到结构层次分明
批阅英语卷的书面表达题,可以看到不少一写到底、不分段落的文章,有的甚至全文用逗号,直到最后才画个句号。这难免给人“一笔糊涂账”的感觉。比如下面这篇考场作文
除了几处涂改、个别词汇使用不地道、标点符号有误以外,全文的语句还算通顺。但文章有个明显不足,即没有分段,给人留下条理不清、没有层次的印象。要扭转这一印象很简单,只要根据内容间的逻辑关系,把文章合理地划分成几个段落即可。比如:
If you want to be successful, you must work hard and have regular plans. It’s a known fact that having a clear and detailed project makes progress easier for a person to reach the goal.
When I was eleven years old, I attended a mountain climbing competition. Before it began, I climbed several high mountains in my hometown with my mother every day. At first, I would breathe heavily after I reached the top and was likely to miss directions. After some hard attempts, I was gradually familiar with the path and could climb mountains easily. When the competition began, I climbed mountains quickly and won the first prize.
So it’s always better to have a weekly or daily arrangement and in this way the bird will catch worms.
根据“观点(成功源于早做规划、辛勤劳作)―论证(以自己爬山的经历为例)―总结(再次强调早做规划、辛勤劳作才能成功)”的层次,将前面那篇“一竿子到底”的文章划分成三段,一下子就条理清晰、层次分明了。
给短文分段,是使文章结构层次分明最简单的方法。一般来说,按照“三段文”的模式写作即可。比如,一篇夹叙夹议的文章,可以分为“描述信息”“分析原因”“简短评论/辩证议论”三段。
谋篇布局、巧用过渡: 打造内容层次分明
段落清晰只能说是层次分明的表面现象,要进一步达到条理清晰、层次分明的要求,还要在内容上下功夫。
首先,要再次强调谋篇布局的重要性。
大部分结构松散、内容贫乏单调的文章都是由下笔前未经思考、没有列写作提纲造成的。试问,如果你的思路是混乱的,写出来的文章怎么可能有条有理呢?所以在下笔前,必须明确文章的主题是什么、先写什么、后写什么、举什么例子、例子放在哪里等。
其次,在照着提纲写作的过程中,要巧用过渡。
书面表达不是简单地堆砌句子,要按照合理的顺序层层递进,使这些句子成为结构紧凑、层次分明、语意连贯的短文。为了体现连贯性和逻辑性,巧妙的过渡必不可少。
比如下面这个作文题:
最近,你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是:公园要不要收门票?请你根据下表提供的信息,给报社写一封120词左右的信(信件的开头、落款已给出),客观地介绍讨论情况。
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
有同学这样写:
Opinions are different. 60% of the students against the idea of entrance fees. 40% of the students are for charging fees. A public park is free of charge. A public park is a resting place. A public park needs money to pay gardeners and other workers. It will become necessary to build gates and walls. This will destroy the look of a city. They need money to buy plants and young trees. Fees should be charged low.
这位同学把两种不同的观点交织在一起陈述,导致无法区分段落,语意含混不清。这显然是下笔前没有谋篇布局造成的。
此外,整段没有任何连接词,句与句之间缺乏衔接手段,造成行文不流畅、语意不连贯、脉络不清晰。
再看下面这位同学的习作:
Opinions vary. Sixty percent of the students are against the idea of charging entrance fees. They believe that a public park should be free of charge. People need a place to rest and relax themselves. Charging entrance fees will undoubtedly keep some people away. What’s more, there will be a need for gates and walls, which will do harm to the image of the city.

本文来源:http://www.zgpaoc.com/zuowen/74685.html